Photo-gallery:
Viola rupestris, Teesdale Violet
V. riviniana, Common Dog-violet
Viola × burnatii (the hybrid V. riviniana × V. rupestris)
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See also ⇒discussion page
1-24: V. rupestris
25-36: V. riviniana
37-40: V. × burnatii
41: Campanula rotundifolia
[photos © FJR]
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First experience of Viola rupestris, Widdybank, May 1970!
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Viola rupestris discovered on Ingleborough, Sulber Gate, 25 May 1976
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Viola rupestris: typical stunted flowering plant on Sulber, May 1977
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Viola rupestris: more robust plant on Sulber, May 1977, in Sesleria
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Viola rupestris: colony on Moughton Fell, 1998 ...
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... crop of previous: note top-right a dehisced capsule and some detached capsule valves
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Viola rupestris: patch of small rosettes, Norber, October 2012
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Viola rupestris: strong rosettes, Crummack, October 2012
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Viola rupestris: rosettes of immature plant, Crummack, October 2012
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Viola rupestris: variation in leaf-shape; note small basal lobes with sharp angles
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Viola rupestris: typical leaf, "ovate-truncate"; note tiny hairs on basal lobe
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Viola rupestris: dense indumentum of very short hairs on petiole: diagnostic!
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Viola rupestris: note indumentum on petioles of first leaves, but none on petioles of younger leaves, foreground
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Viola rupestris and V. riviniana leaves together
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Viola rupestris: typical small plant with ripe capsule, Crummack
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Viola rupestris: fruiting plants with ripe capsules on erect peduncles, Long Fell
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Viola rupestris: strong plant with dehisced capsules, Norber, 6 October 2012
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Viola rupestris: ripe capsule; note rounded apex
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Viola rupestris: white-flowered population, Arnside Knott
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Viola rupestris: white-flowered population, Arnside Knott
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Viola rupestris: habitat in Crummackdale; Moughton Fell (in shade), Penyghent beyond (MSP attempting ID of plants in situ)
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Viola rupestris: habitat in Crummackdale; slope of calcareous drift
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Viola rupestris: habitat in Crummackdale; slope of calcareous drift - also on hilltop beyond
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Viola rupestris: habitat on E slope of Norber, Crummackdale
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Viola riviniana: typical lowland shade form, with capsules, Wetheral garden, October...
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As previous, annotated
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Viola riviniana: typical upland form, Crummack, November
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Viola riviniana: typical upland form, Crummack, November; hairs visible on leaf-margin (left)
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Viola riviniana: typical upland form with dehisced capsule
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Viola riviniana: leaves, 'heart-shaped' or 'ace-of-clubs', with broad basal lobes; (right) showing basal lobes incurved (often even into maturity)
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Viola riviniana: very hairy form, but hairs only become obvious when...
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... viewed from the side. Hairs much longer (ca. 8×) than in rupestris
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Viola riviniana: note hairs
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Viola riviniana: hairs very obvious when side-lit
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Viola riviniana: some hairs should normally be found towards the margins on any leaf
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Viola riviniana: capsule elongated (vs. rupestris) and variably more pointed
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Viola × burnatii: cultivated plant, May
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Viola × burnatii: cultivated plant, May
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Viola × burnatii: cultivated plant, May; leaf generally intermediate between parents
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Viola × burnatii: cultivated plant, September: note some cleistogamous (non-opening) flowers still initiating, but aborting; shrivelled brown remains. (Cultivated plant: shoots are much shorter on upland plants in wild.)
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Basal leaves of Campanula rotundifolia - Harebell - catch the eye when looking for violets!